Composition of vitreous matter.



. No Drawing.

CQHARLES A. KRAUS, or NEWTON HIGHLANDS, MASSACHUSETTS.

. ooivirosrrron or vrrnnous MATTER.

Specification of Letters Patent. 'Patnted NOV, Application filed-August 27, 1909.'- Serial No. 514,858.

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' tween metal and glass or other insulating material, or between two metal members. This composition of matter is adapted to be applied especially to metals, such as iron or steel, and will be so applied in a fused or Viscous condition under heat.

The vitreous substance or composition which is to serve as a coating or lining for metal, or which is to establish efiicient hermet-ical union between two surfaces, esp-ecially when one at least is a metal surface, or

which is to unite two metallic members, must be susceptible of application in a molten, that 1s to say, a fluid or vlscous condition; and it should possess 1n appreciable measure the following properties, to wit :First.. It

should be capable in the fluid or semi-fluid condition of dissolving the oxid of a metal to which'it is a plied,'so as thus to cleanse the metallic surfiices for the purpose of intie mate and perfect contact with the vitreous composition. Second. It should fyeely wet" the surface to which it is applied. Third' It should have a co-etficient of thermal expansion which approximates to that of the substance to which it is applied, in order that, on cooling or when in-use the united members are subjected to fluctuations of temperature, the vitreous composition may preserve its own integrity and the intimacy of union with the member to which it is applied. Fourth. It should be mechanically strong, tough and preferably adhesive in respect to the materials to which it is applied.- Fifth. It should fuse at moderate temperatures, not only for the sake of ready appli cation'but also so as to reduce as far as pos- '50 1 perature interval during which strains are likely to be established. 4 Sixth. In case the sible in. the process of application that temcomposition is to be used to join to ether two members which have decidedly ifierent thermal co-etficient of expansion, as a i intermediary between such members should have a thermal co-efi cient of expansion intermediate between the co-eflicients of the members joined. r v

A composition of matter which constitutes a good example of my invention and which possesses the above recited properties in anunique degree, is constituted as follows soda glass, 45%, borax, 45%, ferric oxid,

10%.- These ingredients are fused together so as to form a homogeneous composition.

The borax furnishes mechanical stren h to the composition, renders it readily usible at moderate temperatures, andcontributes in a marked degree to the capacity of the composition to cleanse and wet a metallic surface when applied thereto-in a fused condition. The ferricoxid contributes also to t'he toughness and ready fusibility of-the composition, and renders it strongly adhesive to iron and kindred metals. Soda glass, as is well-known, is composed chiefly of. sodium and calciu'msilicate. Presumably the former ingredient is the more essential for" the purposes hereinabove indicated, and therefore the calcium silicate might well be replaced by some iother silicate capable of'.

forming a glass with the sodium silicate Without seriously modifying the properties of the composition'in respect to the peculiar utilities contemplated for it.

Iron belongsto a group of closely kindred 1 elements ordinarily known as the iron group, 7

of which the other metals are cobalt, nickel chromium and manganese. The elements of this group manifest striking similarity'in physical. and chemical properties, both in their elementarystate and in their cornpounds; they are adjacent to each other'ln the elementary series and have atomic 4 .weights lying in the narrow range between 52 and 59.. A significant index'of the close .kinship'between these metallic elements, is a that they are notably magnetic in character,

exceeding all other-elements in: this respect. It is well-known that members of theiron group on account of their similarity may replace one another, not onlyin many chemical processes, but also 111' composltlons of matter, such as steel, without radically altera ing the character ofthe process or the qualities of the, material. Thus, as might'be exected, salts or the oxide of the other memhers of this closely related group will-when employed. in the above described vitreous rule this composition to act as an efficient composition instead of ferric oxid lend. to

the composition properties similar conferred vby ferric ox1d.

to those sealed-through a glass tube or bulb, a-r 1 'never before accomplished so far as :I am

informed. y V

The proportions of the ingredients of this new composition of matter can of course,'be" varied from the preciserelative quantities above specified, and should'be varied, to suit the exi encies' of different thoughi related uses. or instance, if the vitreous compound is to be employed simply as a lining or coating for an iron or steel body, the. formula given above is, I believe, to be preferred, w ereas if the composition is to be used to join an-iron or steel member to a member composed of ordinary glass, an effective composition may contain 65% of soda glass, 22% of borax and 13% of ferric oxid. Obviously in making such a composi tion of matter, a mixture of ferric borate and sodium oxid will produce as a result a p homogeneous composition the sameas with ferric oxid. and sodium borate.- Such reciprocal nversion of the ingredient compounds ure indifferent so far asconcerns the resultant composition. I

Lam aware that mixtures of soda lass position of matter, which is characterized by an ingredient salt of a metal of the iron "group. I am also aware that some glasses or'enamels have been made. which contain" small amounts of iron, cobalt or manganese, "either as an impurity or as coloring matten; but'in no .case so far as I know have the proportions .of such in edientsbeen sufii cient appreciably .to a cot the mechanical.

properties of the glass .or enamel, nor have they ever been capable, so far as I have known, of exercising the functional capacities which my new, compositionof'matter possesses and which may be exploited for the pur oses above suggested.

at I claim and desire to secure ters Patent is 4 l. A vitreous homogeneous composition yLea composed chiefly of sodlum boro-silicate and 7 containing further the oxid of aimetal of the iron group in proportions sufliclent to mamfest in the composition when fused a su er- .ficial intimacy with ironor kindred meta 2. A vitreous homogeneous composition composed chiefly of sodlum boro-silicate and containing further the oxid of a metal having'an atomic weight between 52 and 59 in proportions sufficient to manifest in the coinposition when fused a superficial intimacy with iron or kindred metal. '--3. The composition of soda glass, borax and ferric oxid, the last in proportions suifi- .cient to manifest in the composition when fused a superficial intimacy with iron'or kindred metal,

4. A vitreous homogeneous composition whereof .the chief constituents 'are sodium boro-sili'cate and an oxid of a metal of the 6, A, vitreous composition whereof the) chief'ingredients are glass, borax and ferric oxid, the. last in proportions not less than 6% bi weight. 1- p 7 vitreous homo eneous composition whereof the chief ingre ients are soda glass, borax and ferric oxid, the-last in propor tions not less than .6%;by weight. f p

8. A vitreous homogeneous composition composed of glass, borax and ferric oxid in Zulstantially the proportions herein speci- Signed me at Boston, Massachusetts, this 23d day of August 1909.

CHARLESA. KRAUS.

Witnesses: I ROY D. MAILEY,

G LBE-R'r Ni 

